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Glossary
Banding wheel -A revolving stand used to slowly turn the ceramic piece while applying glazes or decorations. Bisque - Pottery which has been fired once, without glaze, to a temperature just before verification. Bisque firing - A
preliminary firing of greenware which removes Ceramics - The art of making objects out of clay derived from the Greek word "keramos" which indicated a large Athenian depository of clay. Clay - Alumina + silica + water. Clay Body - A mixture of different types of clays and minerals for a specific ceramic purpose. For example, Porcelain is a translucent white clay body. Cone - A pyramid-shaped ceramic device used to quantify the amount of heat delivered by a kiln. These devices are formulated from different mineral mixtures and numbered accordingly. They are placed in a kiln so they can be viewed during firing and when a cone begins to bend it is closely monitored and the firing is terminated when it reaches a specific position. Smaller cones are used in some electric kilns to shutoff power when the kiln has reached the required temperature. Crazing - The cracking of a glaze on a fired piece. It is the result of the glaze shrinking more than the clay body in cooling process and resembles a spider's web of cracks over the surface of the ware. Crawling - A bare spot (due to shrinkage of a glaze) on a finished piece where oil , grease or clay dust prevents the glaze from adhering to ceramic piece. Decal
- A method of
printing designs using ceramic inks onto specially prepared paper (a
glue, then a base coat of clear material is applied followed by the
inks). The design on the clear material is then transferred to glass
or ceramic. To apply the decal you put it in water for a minute or so
to loosen the glue enough to slide the Deflocculant - A material such as sodium silicate or sodium carbonate which reduces the amount of water needed to make slip fluid - consequently reducing shrinkage after it is applied to the clay. Dry Brushing - A technique where you highlight aspects of the piece to give it a weathered or almost life like appearance. Dry-Foot - To keep the foot or bottom of a pot free from glaze by waxing or removing the glaze so that it can be fired standing on the kiln shelf without being stilted. Some molds are specifically designed to produce ware that can be dry footed. Stoneware and porcelain are always dry footed. Earthenware - Porous pottery that matures at a low firing temperature. Engobed - A colored decorating slip, often opaque. Concentrated color is added to liquid slip and then applied to greenware before firing. Many under glazes are Engobes. Fettling - Trimming the spare clay from the mold pour area before removing the greenware piece from the mold. Fire - To heat a clay object in a kiln to a specific temperature. Firebrick
- An
insulation bric Firing Range - The range of temperature at which a clay becomes mature or a glaze melts. Foot - Base of a ceramic form. |
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